Choline |
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Basic Information
Available from natural sources? Yes
Available from synthetic sources? Yes
Prescription required? No
NATURAL SOURCES
Cabbage
Calves' liver
Cauliflower
Caviar
Eggs
Garbanzo beans (chickpeas)
Green beans
Lentils
Rice
Soybeans
Soy lecithin
Split peas
Found in all animal and plant products.
REASONS TO USE
Protects against damage to cells by oxidation.
People taking niacin or nicotine acid for treatment of
high-serum cholesterol and triglycerides need lecithin or
choline supplements because nicotinic acid and nicotinomide
(vitamin B-3) can reduce normal amount of choline and lecithin
available for basic body needs.
UNPROVED SPECULATED BENEFITS
Protects against cardiovascular disease.
Protects against memory loss.
Prevents some diseases of the nervous system, such as
Alzheimer's disease and tardive dyskinesia (involuntary,
abnormal facial movements including grimacing, sticking out
tongue and sucking movements).
Treats Alzheimer's disease.
Treats liver damage caused by alcoholism.
Lowers cholesterol level in human serum.
WHO NEEDS ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS?
No one.
DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
There are no specific deficiency symptoms in man, although
some animals can suffer from lack of choline. Lecithin must be
present for choline synthesis in the human body.
UNPROVED SPECULATED SYMPTOMS
Symptoms of heart or blood-vessel disease.
Decreasing mental alertness.
LAB TESTS TO DETECT DEFICIENCY
None available, except for experimental purposes.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA):
No RDA has been established.
What this supplement does:
Choline is involved in production of acetylcholine.
Acetylcholine must be present in the body for proper function of
the nervous system, including mood, behavior, orientation,
personality traits, judgment.
Miscellaneous information:
Choline's major source is lecithin.
It is used as a thickener in several foods, including
mayonnaise, margarine, ice cream.
Available as:
Capsules: Swallow whole with full glass of liquid. Don't chew
or crush. Take with meals or 1 to 1-1/2 hours after meals unless
otherwise directed by your doctor.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if you:
Are healthy and eat a well-balanced diet.
Consult your doctor if you have:
Plans to use choline to treat Alzheimer's disease with
lecithin/choline.
Over age 55:
Don't take if you are healthy.
Pregnancy:
Don't take if you are healthy. Check with your doctor if you
have any questions.
Breast-feeding:
Don't take if you are healthy. Check with your doctor if you
have any questions.
Effect on lab tests:
May cause inaccurate results in choline/sphingomyelin test as
part of examination of amniotic fluid.
Storage:
Store in cool, dry place away from direct light, but don't
freeze.
Store safely out of reach of children.
Don't store in bathroom medicine cabinet. Heat and moisture
may change action of supplement.
Others:
Don't take more than 1 gram per day.
OVERDOSE/TOXICITY
Signs and symptoms:
Nausea, vomiting, dizziness.
What to do:
For symptoms of overdosage: Discontinue supplement, and
consult doctor. Also see ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
section below.
For accidental overdosage (such as child taking entire
bottle): Dial 911 (emergency), 0 for operator or your nearest
Poison Control Center.
ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
| Reaction or effect |
What to do |
| "Fishy" body odor |
Discontinue. Call doctor when |
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convenient. |
INTERACTION WITH MEDICINE, VITAMINS OR MINERALS
| Interacts with |
Combined effect |
| Nicotinic acid (nicotinamide, |
Decreases choline |
| vitamin B-3) |
effectiveness. |
INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
None known
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